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Muharram is the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar and it is marked with the events that took place with “Aal-e- Muhammad (P.B.U.H) ” in the battleground of Karbala. This whole month is specifically observed by Shia Muslims as they start mourning from the 1st of Muharram and then it climaxes on the 10th of Muharram.
Sunni Muslims also feel the pain of Hazrat Hussain (A.S) and his family that was brutally killed by Yazid but they mourn to a lesser extent than the Shia community.
BACKGROUND- BATTLE OF KARBALA
It all started after the death of our Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) when Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) was given caliphate. Many people disagreed to it as they believed Hazrat Ali (R.A) must be the chosen one for the throne but eventually they gave in. After Hazrat Abu Bakr(R.A), Hazrat Umar (R.A) came and then after him Hazrat Usman(R.A). When he was killed by the rebels, the power was handed over to Hazrat Ali (R.A) which was challenged by few of the followers of Hazrat Usman (R.A) and the whole Muslim community fell a prey to the “First Islamic civil war”. After two years of Hazrat Ali (R.A) caliphate, he was assassinated and the throne was quickly grasped by Muawiya.
Muawiyah wanted his son Yazid to be the next caliph but people were adamant on making Hazrat Hussain (R.A) as their next caliph as he displayed all the qualities of a good man and a great ruler as described in the Holy Quran.
When Yazid came into power in the city of Kufa, the people of Kufa started writing letters to Hazrat Hussain (R.A) and showed him unconditional support. They asked him to come to their city and fight for his right to be the caliphate. Hazrat Hussain(R.A) being a polite and peace-loving man did not want to initiate any sort of war so he gathered all his family members and set out for negotiations with Yazid.
When they reached there, some men of the tribe of Yazid misinterpreted the whole situation to him and told him that thousands of soldiers on their horses have come here to fight with loads of weapons. Yazid being a coward got scared and ordered his army to finish all of them before they even try to attack. Eventually, that is what was written in the destiny of those innocent souls and 72 people of Hazrat Muhammads (P.B.U.H) immediate family were brutally killed.
Historians say that the hotness of that day cannot be matched with anything and it felt like the sun had come down to their faces. Their lips parched with thirst and their condition unexplainable. It is also said that the River of Euphrates turned red due to this huge massacre of the Prophets (P.B.U.H) family.
IMPORTANCE OF MUHARRAM
Narrated Abu Bakr (RA): The Prophet (PBUH) said, “Time had come back to its original state, which it had when Allaah created the heavens and the earth. The year is twelve months, four of which are sacred; three of them are in succession: Dhul-Qa’dah, Dhul-Hijjah and Muharram, and (the fourth being) Rajab Mudar (named after the tribe of Mudar as they used to respect this month) which is between Jumada-at-Thaniyah and Sha’baan.” You should also have a look at these 20+ Best Quotes from Imam Hazrat Ali & Sayings In English.
Saheeh Al Bukhaari – Vol 4, Hadeeth 3197
There are portrayals in hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that say, out of the four consecrated months referenced in this ayah, one is Muharram. Hence, from ayah, the sacredness and significance of the month of Muharram can’t be denied or disregarded. Also, the other thing to see in this ayah is the way that Allah Almighty plainly expresses that Muslims ought not off-base themselves in these sacred months. It implies that one should avoid a wide range of evils conceivable as the punishment against them could increment generously.
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrates of the Prophetic tradition of fasting on the day of Ashoora in the following way:
The following hadith demonstrates the acumen of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) relating to fasting in Muharram. From the description unmistakably, He was as keen for fasting upon the arrival of Ashoora as enthusiastic He was the point at which it came to fasting in the times of Ramadan.
Customs Observed In Muharram
– “Pilgrimage to the holy shrine” of Hazrat Hussain (R.A) as situated in the city of Iraq. Every year a large number of Shia Muslims go there and weep, remembering the cruelty that had taken place.
– “Matam” is an act of mourning mostly observed when someone departs. It was actually initiated by the sister of Hazrat Hussain (R.A), Hazrat Zaynab (R.A). Men and women both take part in it and observe chest-beating and also hurting themselves with things like knives, razors, blades, and chains.
– Re-enactment of the day of Karbala is also common among Shia on the day of Ashura. It is known as “Taziya”.
-“Noha” is a type of poem or poetry that is recited in the remembrance of the Hazrat Hussain (R.A) and his sufferings.
– “Alam” is considered as a flag of bravery and truth. In the ground of Karbala it was in the hands of Hazrat Abbas (R.A), brother of Hazrat Hussain(R.A), who was killed while coming back with water from the River of the Euphrates for the young kids who were thirsty for three consecutive days.
– “Fasting” is observed by Shia as well as Sunni Muslims on the 10th of Muharram to feel the thirst and hunger of Aal-e-Muhammad.
Muharram Messages, Wishes, Quotes, Greetings & Text SMS
Muharram’s Message For Muslims Around The Globe
The event of Karbala is a gift to all the humanity as it teaches us how to be brave, truthful, faithful and how one should fight for their rights with peace, tranquillity and a strong set of beliefs.
May Allah provide us with a great vision, help us all in walking on the right path and for all the right reasons. AMEEN.